35- Conditional sentences

First Conditional

Well Larissa, as I told you before , there are in the American Language , as well as in ours, three structures to use the conditionals. Let's start by learning the first one. In the first conditional we use the simple present and the simple future. In all conditional sentences we have the word "if".


**If you study every week , you will learn English in two years.

**You will learn English in two years, if you study every week.

**If she is smarter, she will invite me to have lunch with her.

**She will invite me to have lunch with her, if she is smarter.

**If you don't respect him, he won't help you with your homework.

**He won't help you with your homework , if you don't respect him.

**Will she speak French, if she doesn't study every day?

**If she doesn't study every day, will she speak French?


###A conditional sentence is divided into two parts separated by a comma.

###In the first conditional a sentence is in the simple present and after the comma in the simple future.

###In the negative sentences the auxiliary must be abbreviated.(doesn't/don't/won't)

###The sentences can be affirmative, negative or interrogative.

More sentences:


**If I have moneyand my parents permission, I will travel to USA next year to visit my sis.

**Will I travel to USA next year , if I don't have money?

**If you don't have money, you won't travel to USA next year.

**If she has money, she will buy a birthday present for her teacher.

**Will she buy a birthday present for her teacher, if she doesn't have money?

**If she doesn't have money, she won't buy a birthday present for her teacher.
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Let's play some game using the first conditional structure. I will write something and you will create some conditional sentences taken from what I wrote.

1- My sister wants my help to buy a shirt for her boyfriend but I won't help her because she never helps me with anything. She is not good to me. My father intends to visit my uncle in Santo Andre but unfortunately he doesn't have a car. Carol isn't a good English speaker because she doesn't do her homework.

* How many conditional sentences are you able to take from this ?
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Second conditional

In the second conditional we use the simple past and the future in the past represented by the auxiliary WOULD.


**If I lived in USA , I wouldn't vote in Obama for president.

**If I were Corinthians players, I would apologize for what I did yesterday at Pacaembu.

**If she had money, she would visit New york every year because she loves that city.

**He would help his brother to buy a new car, if he were richer.

**They wouldn't study English, if they were American.

**If I didn't speak English fluently, I would never work for that international company.

**If Ronaldo weren't married, Rick Martin would ask him to marry him.


###In the second conditional the auxiliary for the past is Did while Would is for the future in the past.

###Negative sentences must be abbreviated. (didn't/wouldn't)

###In the second conditional we use were for all pronouns.

###Even knowing that the right grammar for the third person in the past is "was' we can't say ' if she was' but " if she were'. This happens only in the second conditional.


MORE SENTENCES:



***If my daddy were here, He wouldn't try to kiss me.

***If Ana Maria Braga were single, I would call her to go to the movies with me.( without " Louro José, of course!)

***Would you know my name, If I saw you in Heaven?

***Wouldn't she be happier , if she believed in Jesus?

***If my girlfriend snored, I would let her sleep on the couch.

***If he hadn't time enough to study, he would give up to study.

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Third Conditional

In the third conditional we use the pluperfect ( past perfect) and the pluperfect in the future. Can you remember the perfect tense? Is that formed by the auxiliary Have + the past participle of the main verb. Pay attention on these sentences . I will put them on the three possible conditionals.Observe novamente as frases . Pay attention on changes according to the auxiliars and the tenses.


**1-condicional> You will improve your English , if you study every week.


**2-condicional>You would improve your English, if you studied every week.


**3-condicional>You would have improved your English, if you had studied every week.



###Note that in the pluperfect ( past perfect ) the auxiliary HAVE is now used as HAD, just because it is past. But still the main verb is in the past participle

Observe this example:


**If I have money , I will buy a car for you.

**If I had money , I would buy a car for you.

**If I had had money, I would have bought a car for you.


###This is a rare case where the past is placed twice in the same sentence , and side by side. What make us think that something is wrong , but it isn't. Let's annalyse it. The auxiliary for the perfect tense is HAVE , right? If the sentence is in the past then the auxiliary also goes to the past, right? And the past of Have is Had. So in the third conditional HAD refers to the past of Auxiliary Have. And the second Had? This, in turn, refers to the past participle of the verb Have which is also HAD.


###The third conditional is easily identified by having two forms of the past in the same sentence. HAD, which is the past of the auxiliary HAVE, and the past participle of main verb.


###The third conditional is also represented by the way WOULD HAVE. And after the would Have always comes the main verb in the past participle.

More sentences:


**If I speak again, He will understand.

**If she speaks again, I will understand.

**Would you help me , If I paid you?

**She wouldn't understand you, if you didn't repeat everything again.

**If I were travelling, I wouldn't be here.

**If she is studying, I won't talk to her.


***If I had dreamed with her, I would have awoken happier


***If Larissa had given up/ She wouldn't have learned about the conditionals.